Do not violate the Opening Principles of Chess

Los 5 principios básicos de la apertura – No rompas estos principios

No rompas estos principios

http://www.clasesdeajedrez.net/2011/09/21/principos-basicos-apertura/

Susan Polgar

Avalanche Journal

Aquí están todos los principios de apertura que todos los jugadores principiantes e intermedios deberían seguir.

1. Controlar el centro!
El centro del tablero incluye las casillas e4, d4, e5, and d5. Cuando comienza una partida, hay que poner peones en el centro y ocupar la mayor cantidad de casillas posible.

2. Desarrollar las piezas lo más antes posible.!
Saca tus caballos y tus alfiles. Esto debe ser hecho en las primeras 6 a 7 movidas, antes de que intentes darle jaque mate a tu rival.

3. Enroca lo más antes posible!!
Mantener a tu rey protegida es esencial para evitar perder rápido. No te olvides, si te tu rey esta descubierto, te va a costar ganar. Después de enrocar, es importante conectar las torres desarrollando a tu dama

4. Mantener tus piezas defendidas!
No dejes tus piezas colgando, o sea sin protección. Cada pieza que tenes es valiosa, así que no olvides protegerlas. Proteger significa que si tu rival captura, podrás recapturarlo.

5. Divertirte, gana con finesa y perder con dignidad!
Esta es mi lema en el ajedrez. Primero y ante de todo, el ajedrez debe ser divertido. A veces se pierde y a veces se gana, pero es parte del juego. Cuando se gana, sé un caballero, se respetuoso y no burles de tu rival. Cuando pierdas, se mas caballero aun, dale la mano y felicítalo. Esto a la larga, te llenara de buenas amistades.

Do not violate the Opening Principles of Chess
Susan Polgar
Avalanche Journal

Here are my power principles of chess, something which all beginners and novice players should follow:

1. Control the Center!

The center of the board includes the squares e4, d4, e5, and d5. When you start a game, place your pawns in the center to occupy and control as many of these squares as you can. Location, location, location!

2. Develop Your Pieces as Soon as Possible!

Get your Knights and Bishops out right away. This should be done before you try to checkmate your opponent, some time in the first 6 or 7 moves if possible.

3. Castle as Soon as Possible!

Castle at the very first chance you have in order to keep your king safe. Remember, you can’t win if your king isn’t safe and you get checkmated first. So don’t forget to castle! Then after you castle, connect your rooks by developing your queen.

4. Keep Your Pieces Protected!

Don't leave your pieces hanging without protection. Each and every piece you have is very valuable, so don't forget to protect them. Protecting means if your opponent can take your piece, then you can take your opponent's piece.

5. Have Fun and Win with Grace, Lose with Dignity!

This is my motto in chess. First and foremost, chess should be fun. Sometimes you win and sometimes you lose, it’s all part of the game. When you win, be a good sport and don’t trash talk or make fun of your opponent. When you lose, be an even better sport and not a sore loser. Shake hands and congratulate your opponent. This will go a long way toward making good friends.

A continuación, se puede ver qué sucede cuando no se respetan los principios mencionados.:

Tarrasch, Siegbert – Mieses, Jacques [C10]

Match Game 3, Berlin 1916

1.d4 e6 2.e4 d5 Esta es la apertura Francesa

3.Cc3 dxe4 4.Cxe4 Cd7 5.Cf3 Cgf6 6.Ad3 Ae7 7.0-0 Cxe4 8.Axe4 Cf6 9.Ad3 Hasta aquí todo es normal, en esta posición las negras deberían enrocar.

9…b6? Un error critico de las negras. Es imprescindible enrocar lo más temprano posible. Las negras pagaran caro por este error, miremos como las blancas se aprovechan.

10.Ce5! Las negras se encuentran en un problema serio. Si desarrolla su Alfil a b7, las blancas jugaran Ab5y las negras no podrán enrocar. Mieses se da cuenta de esto y decide enrocarse, aunque ya es muy tarde y Tarrasch logra sacar ventaja.

10…0-0 si10…Ab7 11.Ab5+

11.Ac6 Una Buena jugada! Veremos porque brevemente.

11…Dd6 si 11…Dd7 12.Df3 Ab7 13.Cxe7+ Dxe7 14.Dxb7+-; 11…De8 Esta variante rara es la mejor par alas negras 12.Cxe7+ Dxe7 13.Df3 Tb8 14.Dg3 Las blancas tienen una ventaja posicional fuerte con la pareja de alfil apuntando al enroque del rey negro.

12.Df3! Otra Buena jugada! Las blancas amenazan un jaque descubierto con Nxe7+ (descubriendo el ataque destapan la dama de f3 contra la Torre negra en a8.)

12…Ad7 La única jugada. 12…Ab7 13.Cxe7+ Dxe7 14.Dxb7y las negras se encuentran con una pieza de menos.

13.Cxe7+ Porque las blancas cambian un caballo active y bueno por un alfil negro malo. La respuesta es que las blancas ven una clavada mortal para la jugada siguiente. Sin buena razón este cambio es malo.

13…Dxe7 14.Ag5! Amenazando 15.De4! Cxe4 16.Axe7. Las negras no tienen manera de salir de la clavada.

14…Tac8 15.Tfe1 Agregando otro pieza a la acción, para tener un ataque ganador es necesario traer todas las piezas en juego 15.De4 hubiese sido menos preciso para las blancas puesto que 15…Cxe4 16.Axe7 Tfe8 17.Axe4 Txe7 +=

15…Tfe8 si 15…c5 16.Dh3 h6 17.Axh6 gxh6 (17…c4 18.Axg7 Axg7 19.Dg3+ Rh8 20.Dh4+ Rg7 21.Dg5+ Rh8 22.Dh6+ Rg8 23.Ae5) 18.Dxh6 cxd4 19.Dg5+ (19.Te5? Tc5) 19…Rh8 20.Te4 y las negras deben entregar a su dama para evitar el jaque mate.

16.Dh3! Estas jugada crea otra amenaza. Puesto por la clavada del caballo, el peón h7 esta vulnerable. Las blancas combinan la presión contar el peón h7 con el Alfil de D3 y Dh3; mientras tanto el alfil de g5 está atacando al caballo de f6 que es el único defensor de h7.

16…Dd6? La posición de las negras es muy crítica. Esta jugada incluso empeora todo 16…h6 17.Axh6 gxh6 18.Dxh6 Df8 19.Dxf6; 16…g6 17.Dh4 Rg7 18.Te4!; 16…e5 17.Axf6 Axh3 (17…Dxf6 18.Dxd7; 17…gxf6 18.Dxh7+ Rf8 19.Dh8#) 18.Axe7 Txe7 19.gxh3; 16…c5 17.Axh7+ Rf8 18.Ae4 Rg8

17.Axf6 Eliminado al protector de h7

17…gxf6 18.Dh6! Las negras piensan sacarle el escape a f8 y luego e7, con el rey cortado. La siguiente jugada es muy instructiva, cuando estas al ataque no hay que dejar que tu rival se escape.

18…f5 si 18…Dxd4 19.Axh7+ Rh8 20.Ag6+ Rg8 21.Dh7+ Rf8 22.Dxf7#

19.Te3 Acercando la torre a la acción, y sacrificando el peón de d4. Mientras tanto, las piezas negras no están coordinadas para defender al rey.

19…Dxd4 si 19…f6 20.Tg3+ Rf7 21.Dg7#; 19…Rh8 20.Th3 Rg8 21.Tg3+

20.c3 Atacando la reina, obligada a defender a la casilla g7, próximamente se encontrar sin casillas. Yo prefiero Tg3, puesto que ataca al rey. 20…Rh8 Ahora jugaría 21.c3 transponiendo a lo que sucedió en la partida. 21…De5 22.f4 Ahora la dama no tiene casillas para defender a g7. Las negras rinden
1-0

Resumen:

Que aprendimos de esta partida?
1. No rompas con los principios de la apertura. Asegúrate de enrocar lo más antes posible, las negras no lo hicieron en la jugada nueve y pagaron caro.
2. Cuando atacas, utiliza tus piezas, acercando a la torre al ataque las blancas ganaron

Articulo Original – GM Susan Polgar

Do not violate the Opening Principles of Chess

Do not violate the Opening Principles of Chess
Susan Polgar
Avalanche Journal

Here are my power principles of chess, something which all beginners and novice players should follow:

1. Control the Center!

The center of the board includes the squares e4, d4, e5, and d5. When you start a game, place your pawns in the center to occupy and control as many of these squares as you can. Location, location, location!

2. Develop Your Pieces as Soon as Possible!

Get your Knights and Bishops out right away. This should be done before you try to checkmate your opponent, some time in the first 6 or 7 moves if possible.

3. Castle as Soon as Possible!

Castle at the very first chance you have in order to keep your king safe. Remember, you can’t win if your king isn’t safe and you get checkmated first. So don’t forget to castle! Then after you castle, connect your rooks by developing your queen.

4. Keep Your Pieces Protected!

Don't leave your pieces hanging without protection. Each and every piece you have is very valuable, so don't forget to protect them. Protecting means if your opponent can take your piece, then you can take your opponent's piece.

5. Have Fun and Win with Grace, Lose with Dignity!

This is my motto in chess. First and foremost, chess should be fun. Sometimes you win and sometimes you lose, it’s all part of the game. When you win, be a good sport and don’t trash talk or make fun of your opponent. When you lose, be an even better sport and not a sore loser. Shake hands and congratulate your opponent. This will go a long way toward making good friends.

Below is an example to demonstrate what can happen when one does not follow the above principles:

Tarrasch, Siegbert - Mieses, Jacques [C10]
Match Game 3, Berlin 1916

1.d4 e6 2.e4 d5 This is the French Defense.

3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Nd7 5.Nf3 Ngf6 6.Bd3 Be7 7.0–0 Nxe4 8.Bxe4 Nf6 9.Bd3 So far, everything seems normal. In this position, Black should castle.

9...b6? This is a critical mistake by Black. One of the key opening rules of thumb is to castle as soon as possible (General Principle #5: Castle Early). Black will pay for this mistake. We shall see how White will take advantage of this.

10.Ne5! Black is facing serious problems. If Black develops the Bishop to b7, White will play Bb5+ and Black will lose the right to castle. Now, Black realizes his mistake and castles immediately. Unfortunately, it is a little too late. Let’s see how White takes advantage of this.

10...0–0 if 10...Bb7 11.Bb5+

11.Nc6 An excellent move! We shall see the purpose of this move shortly.

11...Qd6 if 11...Qd7 12.Qf3 Bb7 13.Nxe7+ Qxe7 14.Qxb7+-; 11...Qe8 This unusual move is probably the best response for Black. 12.Nxe7+ Qxe7 13.Qf3 Rb8 14.Qg3 White has a strong positional advantage with the pair of bishops and the queen aiming at Black's Kingside.

12.Qf3! Another excellent move! White is threatening a winning discovery (Discovered Attack) with Nxe7+ (uncovering the attack by the white queen on f3 against the undefended black rook at a8.)

12...Bd7 The only move. 12...Bb7 13.Nxe7+ Qxe7 14.Qxb7 and Black would be behind a piece.

13.Nxe7+ Why does White exchange a good, active knight for a bad black bishop? This is a very important question since you would not want to trade a good piece for a bad piece without a good reason. In this case, White sees a deadly pin potential in the next move. That is why he is willing to trade.

13...Qxe7 14.Bg5! Threatening 15.Qe4! Nxe4 16.Bxe7. Black has no way of getting out of this pin.

14...Rac8 15.Rfe1 Bringing another important piece into action! Remember, you would need to utilize all your pieces to achieve a winning attack. 15.Qe4 would be less accurate for White. 15...Nxe4 16.Bxe7 Rfe8 17.Bxe4 Rxe7 +=

15...Rfe8 if 15...c5 16.Qh3 h6 17.Bxh6 gxh6 (17...c4 18.Bxg7 Kxg7 19.Qg3+ Kh8 20.Qh4+ Kg7 21.Qg5+ Kh8 22.Qh6+ Kg8 23.Re5) 18.Qxh6 cxd4 19.Qg5+ (19.Re5? Rc5) 19...Kh8 20.Re4 and Black must give up his queen to avoid the mate.

16.Qh3! This move creates another threat. Because of the pin of the knight, the h7-pawn is now vulnerable. White combines pressure against the h7-pawn from the queen at h3 and the bishop at d3; meanwhile the white bishop at g5 threatens to trade off the only black piece protecting h7, the f6-knight.

16...Qd6? Black's position is very bad. This move just makes it even worse. 16...h6 17.Bxh6 gxh6 18.Qxh6 Qf8 19.Qxf6; 16...g6 17.Qh4 Kg7 18.Re4!; 16...e5 17.Bxf6 Bxh3 (17...Qxf6 18.Qxd7; 17...gxf6 18.Qxh7+ Kf8 19.Qh8#) 18.Bxe7 Rxe7 19.gxh3; 16...c5 17.Bxh7+ Kf8 18.Be4 Kg8

17.Bxf6 Eliminating the piece that protects the h7-pawn.

17...gxf6 18.Qh6! Black is hoping to create an escape for the king to f8 then e7. White wisely cuts the king off. This is another important move to learn. When you are on the offensive, do not let your opponent off the hook.

18...f5 if 18...Qxd4 19.Bxh7+ Kh8 20.Bg6+ Kg8 21.Qh7+ Kf8 22.Qxf7#

19.Re3 Bringing the rook into action and sacrificing the d4-pawn. In the meantime, Black's pieces are not coordinated to defend the king.

19...Qxd4 if 19...f6 20.Rg3+ Kf7 21.Qg7#; 19...Kh8 20.Rh3 Kg8 21.Rg3+

20.c3 Attacking the queen. The black queen will soon run out of squares to stay on from which it can continue to defend the g7 square. I prefer 20.Rg3+ a little more since it attacks the king immediately. 20...Kh8 Now I would play 21.c3 transposing to what would have happened in the game. 21...Qe5 22.f4 The queen now has no squares to move onto to continue defending g7.
Black resigns since the position is completely hopeless.

1-0

SUMMARY:

So what have we learned in this game?

1. Do not violate the Opening Principles of Chess. Make sure to castle as soon as possible; Black did not do so on move nine - and paid the price later on.

2. When you are attacking, make sure to utilize your pieces. By bringing the rook into the action, White created a winning attack.

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Chess tips for new / novice players

Chess tips for new / novice players

I have done hundreds of lectures to parents, coaches and young players around the world and across the United States over the years. The questions I am most often asked are about advice and tips for young players and chess parents. I have talked about it in the past in my column, but since I received many requests for a refresher, here they are again. Below are some of the most important basic things that you should know about playing in a chess tournament:

• Once the game has started, you may not interrupt, interfere, or talk to your opponent.

• You may never directly assist any player during a game. If a player raises a hand for assistance, you should immediately summon a tournament director.

• If you witness an illegal move or position, say nothing. It is the responsibility of the players to bring any complaint to the attention of a tournament director.

• You are not permitted to say anything if a player oversteps the time limit on his clock. Only the players themselves can claim a win on time.

• When a player loses a game, you must refrain from getting upset or angry or showing negative emotions. Young players need support and encouragement more than ever after a loss. They do not need scolding. Help your player stay calm and relaxed for the rest of the tournament.

• You may help your player find her correct table and board before each round.

• You should supervise your player between rounds. It is not the responsibility of the tournament director or organizer to mind your children between rounds.

• You should keep your player from distracting other players during and between rounds.

• Players should try to conserve their energy between rounds so they can be fresh for the next game.

• You should always encourage young players to practice good sportsmanship at all times, especially after losing a game.

• Official tournaments are smoke-free.

• You should view your players’ game only from behind them or in the aisle to avoid eye contact with them.

• Keep a distance between yourself and your player. In some large tournaments, you may not even be allowed in the playing room during a game.

• If you see a player or a team playing the wrong opponent, you should notify the tournament director right away.

• Only tournament officials can record information on the wall charts. Parents, coaches and players should never write on them. However, players may record their results on the pairing charts.

• You should make sure that your players’ results are reported in a timely manner.

• If you detect that a prize has been erroneously awarded after the end of a tournament, bring this to the attention of a tournament director.

The following are generally accepted rules of etiquette that should be observed by all chess players:

• It is considered rude and inappropriate for a player to eat or have a meal at the playing table.

• Basic refreshment such as water is OK.

• If you chew gum, chew quietly.

• Smoking at the playing table is prohibited.

• Refrain from singing while playing.

• There should be no communication with your opponent until after the game, except to resign, offer a draw or announce J’adoube (adjusting your pieces).

• Don’t make a draw offer to your opponent after every move once it is refused or rejected.

• Don’t listen to music / MP3 player during the game.

Although the following are not rules, it is recommended to do the following:

• Try to show up to your game in a timely manner.

• Don’t adjust the chess pieces with each move. It is quite annoying for your opponent.

• It may sound too basic to even mention, but don’t cough or sneeze at your opponent.

• Shake hands before and after the game. It is customary.

• Have you ever seen the sign: “No shirt, no shoes, no service”? The same rule holds true in chess. Proper attire should be worn while playing.

• Don’t whistle while you are playing.

• No trash talking before, during or after the game.

• Don’t do anything to annoy your opponent or other players who may be sitting next to you.

Here are some very important chess principles that will help you become a better player:

• Control the center: The center of the board includes the squares e4, d4, e5, and d5. When you start a game, place your pawns in the center to occupy and control as many of these squares as you can. Location, location, location!

• Develop your pieces as soon as possible: Get your knights and bishops out right away. This should be done during the first six or seven moves, before you try to checkmate your opponent.

• Castle as soon as possible: Castle early to keep your king safe. Remember, you can’t win if you get checkmated first. So, don’t forget to castle! After you castle, connect your rooks by developing your queen.

• Keep your pieces protected: Don’t leave your pieces en prise (unprotected). Each and every piece is very valuable, so don’t forget to protect them. Protecting a piece means that if your opponent can take your piece, then you can capture back.

• Have fun: The most important thing in chess should be to have fun, whether you win or lose. My motto in chess is “Win with grace, lose with dignity.” When you win, be a good sport. When you lose, be an even better sport. Shake hands and congratulate your opponent. This will go a long way in making good friends.

Besides the five valuable principles above, there are others that you should try to remember. Chess is a game with logic, strategy, planning and tactics. Keep the following principles in mind as you play.

• Every move should have a purpose.

• Try to discern the idea behind your opponent’s move.

• Always think before you move.

• There is no take back in chess. So make your decision carefully.

• Planning is one of the most important elements of the game.

• Analyze your games and learn from your mistakes: Every player, from beginner to world champion, makes mistakes. It is very important to review your games to find your mistakes and learn from them.

• Pace yourself wisely: There are many different time controls in chess. Use your allotted time wisely. Whatever the time control, use your time to find the best plans and moves. Don’t rush just because your opponents play fast.

These and many more tips can be found in my best-selling chess instructional book “A World Champion’s Guide to Chess” and “Learn Chess in 30 Minutes” DVD, which can be found at www.PolgarChess.com. You can also improve with http://susanpolgar.blogspot.com/2009/10/polgar-chess-university.html